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| ID | 5026 |
| Text | Historia syntomos (780 - 828) Nikephoros I of Constantinople |
| Quotation | Λεκτέον δὲ ἤδη περὶ τῆς τῶν λεγομένων Οὔννων καὶ Βουλγάρων ἀρχῆς καὶ καταστάσεως αὐτῶν. περὶ τὴν Μαιῶτιν λίμνην κατὰ τὸν Κώφινα ποταμὸν καθίσταται ἡ πάλαι καλουμένη μεγάλη Βουλγαρία καὶ οἱ λεγόμενοι Κότραγοι, ὁμόφυλοι αὐτῶν καὶ οὗτοι τυγχάνοντες. ἐν δὲ τοῖς Κωνσταντίνου χρόνοις ὃς κατὰ τὴν δύσιν ἐτελεύτα, Κοβρᾶτός τις ὄνομα κύριος γενόμενος τῶν φύλων τούτων τὸν βίον μεταλλάξας πέντε καταλιμπάνει υἱούς, ἐφ᾿ οἷς διατίθεται μηδαμῶς τῆς ἀλλήλων ἀποχωρισθῆναι διαίτης, ὡς ἂν διὰ τῆς πρὸς ἀλλήλους εὐνοίας τὰ τῆς ἀρχῆς αὐτῶν διασώζοιτο. οὗτοι μικρὰ τῆς πατρικῆς φροντίσαντες παραινέσεως ὀλίγου παρῳχηκότος χρόνου διέστησαν | ἀλλήλων, ἕκαστος αὐτῶν τοῦ λαοῦ ἴδιον μέρος ἀποτεμνόμενος. ὧν ὁ μὲν πρῶτος υἱὸς λεγό|μενος Βαϊανὸς κατὰ τὰ ἐνταλθέντα αὐτῷ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐν τῇ προγονικῇ γῇ διέμεινε μέχρι τοῦ δεῦρο, ὁ δὲ δεύτερος λεγόμενος Κότραγος τὸν Τάναϊν περαιωθεὶς ποταμὸν ᾤκησε τούτου ἀντικρύ, ὁ δὲ τέταρτος τὸν Ἴστρον ποταμὸν διαβὰς ἐν Παννωνίᾳ τῇ νῦν ὑπὸ Ἀβάροις κειμένῃ αὐλίζεται ὐπόσπονδος τῷ ἐγχωρίῳ ἔθνει γενόμενος, ὁ δὲ πέμπτος κατὰ τὴν Ῥαβεννησίαν Πεντάπολιν ἱδρυσάμενος ὑπόφορος Ῥωμαίοις ἐγένετο. τούτων ὁ λοιπὸς τρίτος ἀδελφὸς ὄνομα Ἀσπαροὺχ τὸν Δάναπριν καὶ τὸν Δάναστριν ποταμὸν περαιωθεὶς περὶ τὸν Ἴστρον οἰκίζεται, τόπον πρὸς οἴκησιν ἐπιτήδειον, Ὄγγλον τῇ σφῶν καλούμενον φωνῇ, καταλαβόμενος, δυσχερῆ τε καὶ ἀνάλωτον πολεμίοις ὑπάρχοντα· ἀσφαλής τέ ἐστι τὰ μὲν ἔμπροσθεν τῇ τε δυσχωρίᾳ καὶ τῷ τελματώδης εἶναι τυγχάνων· τὰ δ᾿ οὖν ὄπισθεν κρημνοῖς ἀβάτοις τετειχισμένα. οὕτω τοίνυν τοῦ ἔθνους διαιρεθέντος καὶ σκεδασθέντος, τὸ τῶν Χαζάρων φῦλον ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐνδοτέρου τῆς Βερσιλίας λεγομένης χώρας ὡς πλησίον | τῶν Σαρματῶν ᾠκημένον πλείστης ἀδείας ἐντεῦθεν † ἐπέτρεχον. τὰ τοιαῦτα πὰντα κατέδραμον χωρία τῆς ὑπὲρ Πόντου τὸν Εὔξεινον γῆς καὶ θαλάττης ἐπέρασε· † μεθ᾿ ὧν καὶ Βαϊανὸν ὑπεξούσιον ποιησάμενον εἰς ὑπαγωγὴν φόρων κατέστησε. |
| Translation | It is now time to speak of the dominion of the Huns (Oũnnoi) (as they are called) and the Bulgarians (Boúlgaroi) and their affairs. In the area of the Maeotic lake, by the river Kophis, lies Great Bulgaria (as it was called in olden times) and <here lived> the so-called Kotragoi, who are also of the same stock <as the Bulgarians>. In the days of Constantine who died in the West, a certain man by the name of Kobratos became master of these tribes. On his death he left five sons, upon whom he enjoined not to part company under any circumstances, so that their dominion might be preserved thanks to their mutual friendship. But they took little account of the paternal injunction and a short time thereafter they divided, each one of them taking his own share of their people. The eldest son, called Baianos, in accordance with his father's command, has remained until this day in his ancestral land. The second, called Kotragos, crossed the river Tanais and dwelt opposite the first; the fourth went over the river Istros and settled in Pannonia, which is now under the Avars (Ábaroi), becoming an ally of the local nation. The fifth established himself in the Pentapolis of Ravenna and became tributary to the Romans (Rhōmaĩoi). The remaining third brother, called Asparuch, crossed the rivers Danapris and Danastris and settled near the Istros, where he found a suitable place for habitation (called Onglos in their language), which happened to be difficult <of access> and impregnable by the foes: for it secure in front because it is impassable and marshy, while at the back it is fenced by inaccessible cliffs. When this nation had thus divided and scattered, the tribe of the Chazars (Kházaroi), <issuing> from the interior of the country called Bersilia, where they had lived next to the Sarmatians (Sarmátai), invaded with complete impunity all the places that are beyond the Euxine Sea. Among others, they subjected Baianos to paying tribute to them. |
| Summary | Story of the sons of Qubrat (Kobratos) that divided the nation of the Bulgarians/Ogurs/Onogurs. |
| Quotation source | 35 (pp. 86-89) |
| Temporal Coverage | 679 - None |
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| Comment |
Austrian Centre for Digital Humanities (ACDH) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences